Uploaded on 2019-08-06 by Laura Kromminga (photo credit: finemchi)

Q2: In Berlin, the flow of air varies largely even between districts. While lower built areas such as ‘Köpenick’ receive up to 314 billion m3 air per night (8 hours), the district of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg only receives up to 44 billion m3 air. When comparing different European cities and their surroundings, Berlin receives comparable values to London and is among the highest (https://www2.klett.de/sixcms/media.php/229/104103-1205.pdf). As can be seen in the pictures the surrounding of Berlin is much greener, therefore the concrete and buildings within the city reflect and entrap the sun radiation. Q3: Greenery, such as parks, can create micro-climates within a city. I would propose the design of parks in such a way (using higher and lower plants) that they favor the flow of air to be perfect for the cooling effects to take place (buoyancy effect). Q4: In Berlin the Senat published a ‚city development plan’ in 2011 which concerns ‚climate’ and the ‚effect of climate change’ (published 2016). In addition the planners use geographic maps of health data. Yet it is not clear of any of these are legally binding. Without legislation that makes these measures binding, the effect is minimal.