Uploaded on 2019-08-04 by Francois Beaude

1. Three important stocks and flows in Paris relate to people, energy and cars. 2.1 A little more than two million people ("stock") live in the city of Paris. The whole Paris area, including neighbouring cities, encompasses over 12 million people. The population of the city of Paris has actually decreased ("flow") since 1960, when the population was close to 3 million people. At the same time, the population of the whole Paris area has kept increasing and will likely keep increasing in the future. Following the regular increase since 1950, it may be that the Paris area would reach 16 million people by 2050. 2.2 Paris consumes approximately 42 TWh per year ("flow"). The energy consumption due to transportation decreased by almost 25% between 20019 and 2009, due to the increased used of public transport. Much however remains to be done to reduce the consumption from housing and services. 2.3 The stock of cars in Paris is lower than in the past, due to an increase use of public transport. The stock of cars may likely dramatically decrease in the future, e.g. due to car sharing.