Uploaded on 2017-05-26 by Nina Mirmohammadi

1/ The analysis results includes: -measurable urban heat island effects over the past 10 years in 57 cities -the averaged hot days in 60 cities increases annually -close correlation between hot weather and air pollution -urbanized areas are warming faster than adjacent rural locations -some of the cities with the most intense summer urban heat islands are as follows: Las Vegas (7.3°F) Albuquerque (5.9°F Denver (4.9°F) Portland (4.8°F) Louisville (4.8°F) -On average across all 60 cities, urban summer temperatures were 2.4°F hotter than rural temperatures 2/ As in many other parts of the world, Tehran is suffering the heat island effects comparing to the nearby rural areas, and so the effects are: - Notable increase in the average temperature in hot seasons - Significant decrease of snow fall in winters in almost the last 10 years - Threatening public health especially children and the elderly - High energy consumption to cool down places - Changes in natural ecosystems and decrease in biodiversity Comparing the pictures:the above one is a protected natural heritage two hours away from Tehran, and the other one is one of the main streets in central districts of Tehran.As it it obvious the greenery and water in the natural area are the keys for low average temperature even to 10C. Main reasons causing the above: - Increasing hard escape in urban design, leading to more heat absorption - Low density greenery especially in central parts of Tehran - Factories and related industries producing heat and pollution -Lack of appropriate public transportation and use of low quality petrol in cars 3/ Measures: - R&D groups and then implementing the results - Improving public transportation - Cultural and social training about the ways people could improve their life quality in terms of sustainability and environmentally friendly actions - Economically supporting industries to change to green and healthy ones 4/ Policies: - Limiting cars in special zones of the city in high traffic hours - Big parks calling "Pardis" in hectares in the middle of the city - Using media for improving public cooperation