Uploaded on 2015-06-01 by hybridgibs

- food, - water, and - people in the city. These stocks and flows all enter, stay and leave the city through their respective pathways. Food for instance, according to a paper titled, “Climate Change and Food Security on Vancouver Island”, written by the Vancouver Island Community Research Alliance, is sourced mainly from California (around 70%), and delivered from mainland BC to the island through the use of delivery trucks and ferry transport. These are then distributed to local and franchise groceries in town for retail. Only about 5% of the food consumed in Victoria is locally sourced. Furthermore, food scraps and organics from households, and other distribution centres for food consumption, are deposited in landfills or recycled via the city's waste management service. Water is a vital stock and flow to any city. The main watershed that supplies the city is called Sooke Hills. Natural rainwater from the mountains accumulate at the Sooke Reservoir. This water as well as that from other catchments are pumped to the Japan Gulch Disinfection Facility for treatment and purification. The treated water is then distributed via eight supply mains to different parts of the city for consumption. People in the city, specifically tourists, are a significant stock and flow in the city of Victoria. Around three million tourists come to visit the city of Victoria and spend around $1 billion Canadian dollars per year according to Tourism Victoria and Grant Thornton in a 2011 report. This is a significant amount of people, considering the relatively small 85,000 population of the the city, in comparison. The industry has a huge effect on bringing in capital, trade, and jobs for the local population as it stimulates the economy. These tourists arrive in Victoria via several modes of transportation: airplane from the Victoria International Airport; ferry through Swartz Bay; and cruise ships and buses via Ogden Point. ![enter image description here][1] Ogden Point. Picture taken by: Karl Gibson These stocks and flows are vital to the livelihood of those residing and visiting Victoria. According to the report by the Vancouver Island Community Research Alliance, Victoria and Vancouver Island has a very vulnerable stock and flow of food as only 5% of it is locally sourced, meaning inadequate farms and storage facilities for self-sustenance, and climate change is affecting its main source, California, as droughts, flooding and average temperatures increase each year. Water resources are less vulnerable but may still be in some danger due to the changes in precipitation and evaporation affected by global warming.Tourism rates are determined by microeconomic tendencies as well as the global financial and political climate and so can be determined on a year by year basis. It is still significant to note that a decrease in the tourism industry will have a large effect on the city of Victoria as its main source of economic stimulation. [1]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14331896622161461.jpeg