Uploaded on 2016-04-26 by Lavenpara

The author tested the surface air temperature in a city park and its surrounding building blocks at a height of 2.5 meter, as well as the long-wave radiation accordingly. He found that the integrated noctunal temperature increase in 2003 was 1 K, and the long-wave radiation increased by 10%, which generally corresponded to about 30 W/m2. Apart from that, the study also showed that Stockholm showed the common pattern of cool temperatures inside the vegetated park and warmer temperatures in the adjacent built-up area(Christer Jansson, URBAN MICROCLIMATE AND SURFACE HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PROCESSES, 2006). ![][1] ![][2] The first picture was taken on top of a building in a square called Sergels Torg around central station, which could be the most populated area in the city. Meanwhile the latter was on an islannd of its archipelago, where forests and hills dominated the region. Comparing the two one can see that urban districts are full of traces of human activities including transportation, electronic infrastructure and crowed houses. By contrast, rural areas witness less people and are more open, which means there are less heat generated by human beings due to usage of electricity and so on, less reflections by architecture, more frequent heat exchange by the wind and, most importantly, most solar radiation is absorbed by the vegetation so that the air temperature increase is much less than that downtown. 3.In my point of view, there are several approaches could be taken to reduce UHI, including spreading residences into suburban areas to reduce the temperature difference between urban and suburban microclimate; corperating more open space like parks or squres into urban planning; focusing on the shading of architecture especially by solar panels to make use of solar energy and reduce electricity demand, which in turn reduces the heat generation within cities; enhancing the efficiency of household appliances like illumination, for example using electricity saving lump to control energy loss in the form of heat. But if I can only put forward one systematic initiative, I would like to interweave vegetation with buildings, which means arranging architecture and trees and lawns in a patch pattern so that vegetation makes use of the solar radiation and reflection by the facades of houses, meanwhile adds to the moisture and freshness of neighbourhood and provides an open place for communitie to get in touch. And the diversity of urban surface also attributes to the air circulation together with heat exchange within cities and between urban and rural areas, narrowing the temperature gap and eliminating the local heat island. What's more, I also imagine planting small scale gardens on top of buildings or use biological surface material. I know there are some experimental initiatives wordwide but the technique remains to be improved. Hopefully this idea attracts enough attention and developes faster! 4.As far as I know,h there is no relevant policy regarding UHI in Stockholm, maybe because the climate here is too cold that few people care about decreasng the air temperature. But I can find some innovations carried out in Goteborg, Sweden concerning city and environment, where they build up passive houses and energy efficient houses to bring down energy demand and make the city more sustainable. [1]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/1461681530455443.jpg [2]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14616815402262562.jpg