Uploaded on 2015-11-19 by LennyLVS

What ecosystem services do you have in and around your living area? Give at least one example for each of the four types of ecosystem services. *a. Provisioning services* The city provides raw material including wood, biofuels and plant oils, derived from plant species. Since 2007, the Airport has its own filling station for rape seed oil and a filling station for E85 bioethanol. Until now, 19 vehicles are among those being tested with rapeseed oil. 64 vehicles operate an R20 mix method, the fuel of the vehicles consist of 20% rapeseed oil. *b. Regulating services* Munich is a real “Green City”. Green areas (like parks, forests, fields), together with the river Isar contribute to have a good air quality and they help to mitigate the temperature of the city in winter and in summer. There is also a precise politic strategy to develop the renewable energies to cover the entire electricity need of the city within 2025 (about 7,5 billions of kWh). Munich wants to become the world leader in the challenges against the climate changes and the environmental protection. *c. Habitat or Supporting services* At the end of the 19th century the center of the city of Munich became deprived of lichens and spruce because of high concentrations of SO2. However, since the end of the 1960ies, when an increasing portion of coal and oil was replaced by natural gas and electricity from atomic power stations, the air became cleaner (reduction of dust and SO2 pollution), and even the city center was recolonized by spruce and moderately sensitive lichens within a few years. Although air pollution caused by traffic has increased during the last few decades, no significant air pollution-dependent damage or growth inhibition of spruce or other trees can be observed even along roads with heavy traffic. *d. Cultural services* Thanks to integration, cooperation and innovation and, for sure, communication, in Munich there are great initiatives to create and promote cultural services There are a lot of associations active to promote open air activities and a smart use of the green areas in the city, the main of those is “GreenCity”. Moreover Munich wants to become the capital of the bikes, the most eco-friendly means of transport. Thanks to new infrastructures built in the last 5 years about 20% of the people use daily the bike. At last Isar-Plan is the project (supported by citizens, associations, organizations) to “restore” the preexisting condition of the river Isar, transforming it again in a half natural watercourse, with long shores, gravel beaches and alluvial areas. ![Raw materials: wood in Munich][1] ![a green area in Munich][2] ![The Isar][3] ![An amazing green wall in Munich][4] ![Even with the snow the cycle lines work well and the people love to use them][5] ![A natural amphitheater along the Isar shows that nature and city can coexist together][6] [1]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14479491736444636.jpg [2]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14479492411286678.jpg [3]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14479493327075677.jpg [4]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14479494135518991.jpg [5]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/1447949494812883.jpg [6]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14479495784221669.jpg