Uploaded on 2015-10-18 by alejandromartinbar

I have checked some different Cities from US to compare the different principal values that affects UHI and the temperature of the city like (shape, density, climate…): New York: High density, sea conditions, humidity California: High temperature, southern city, expanded city, sea conditions Chicago: North temperatures, Continental weather but with big lake conditions These differences affects directly to the UHI **2. Which are the main UHI effects that you can identify in your area? I live in Madrid, Spain, Europe. I would like to stablish 3 grades in my city.** 1º- Ciudad Lineal (neighbourhood in Madrid). High density. High UHI effects because of cars, people, density, pollution and also climate. The temperature is higher in winter (5ºC more than in countryside). More protection in summer because of the shadows between buildings. Roads and streets contribute to the UHI effects. Also sun contributes because of the radiation in all buildings, really high temperature radiation all the year. ![enter image description here][1] 2º- Navalcarnero (big village 50 km from Madrid) Less UHI effects because of nearly from countryside. The temperature is higher in than in countryside (1-2ºC more than in countryside). But wind takes out pollution, solar radiation. In summer is hotter because of the dry countryside. ![enter image description here][2] 3º- Manzanares (Little village in mountains 50 km from Madrid) No UHI effects because mountains and lake. Temperature is lower because of wind and mountain conditions. Pure air. Health… Far from city center and less possibilities of employment. ![enter image description here][3] **3. Which are the measures you would propose?** • Reduce traffic jams trough a more flexibility in the work hours of the jobs. Contribute to a good bicycle and motorbike infrastructure and promote it to the citizens (Madrid citizens have a car mentality). Make cheaper our good public transport system. Starting with the electric cars and motorbikes expansion. • Reduce CO2 emissions, pollution over the city which makes a greenhouse effect over the city. • Improve the heat systems of the cities, also the old facades that loss to much heat during the winter and that loss cold during the summer. • Support clean energies. **4. Is UHI effect concerning policy making in your area?** The major UHI effect creators are the dense buildings. People now that the city is warmer and have more pollution than surroundings. In other ways there is no policy and concern about it. In Spain weather and temperature is seeing as a good thing. People doesn´t concern that taking the car consume, make more pollution and it is more expensive, but also contribute to a non-healthy UHI city. Some universities has made some studies but without any government policy in consequence: - [UV - Evaluation of the surface urban heat island effect in the city of Madrid by thermal remote sensing][4] - [UAM - UCM - A PCA ANALYSIS OF THE UHI FORM OF MADRID][5] - INSA - Satellite and ground-based sensors for the Urban Heat Island analysis in the city of Madrid. In this last one we can find a graphic where we can see that the city center has a temperature difference of 4ºC with the countryside. ![enter image description here][6] [1]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14451796404946741.jpg [2]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14451796628379042.jpg [3]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/14451796743185543.jpg [4]: http://www.uv.es/juy/Doc/sobrino_et_al_2013_IJRS_UHI.pdf [5]: http://www.geoclima-uam.es/mediapool/128/1280358/data/Fernandez_montavez_PCA_UHI.pdf [6]: https://edxuploads.s3.amazonaws.com/1445179797976695.jpg